Abstract We have demonstrated a 138mm3 autonomous uni-directional sensing/communication mote that optically transmits a measure of the ambient light level. We have also developed a 6 3 m 3 autonomous bi-directional communication mote that receives an optical signal, generates a pseudorandom sequence based on this signal to emulate sensor data, then optically transmits the result, although it has only been demonstrated in a bench configuration at this time. The latter system contains a micromachined comer cube reflector, a 0.078mm3 CMOS chip that consumes 75pW, and a Mn-Ti-Li cell, but we have also demonstrated operation from an -2mm2 solar cell. These motes allow us to demonstrate necessary concepts of Smart Dust such as optical data transmission, data processing, energy management, read more

If you enjoyed this post, make sure you subscribe to my RSS feed! Read more »

Abstract Decreasing computing device size, increased connectivity, and enhanced interaction with the physical world have characterized computing’s history. Recently, the popularity of small computing devices, such as handheld computers and cell phones, burgeoning Internet growth, and the diminishing size and cost of sensors— especially transistors—have accelerated these trends. The emergence of small computing elements, with sporadic connectivity and increased interaction with the environment, provides enriched opportunities to reshape interactions between people and computers and spur ubiquitous computing research. The Smart Dust project is exploring whether an autonomous sensing, computing, and communication system can be packed into a cubic-millimeter mote (a small particle or read more

If you enjoyed this post, make sure you subscribe to my RSS feed! Read more »

Abstract In this paper we present a miniature systcm that is being designed for the Smart Dust project to test the communication link and simulate basic functionality. The system includes an optical receiver to process the incoming laser signal, digital circuits to gcnerate a pseudorandom number sequencc, a corner cube reflector (CCR) to passively transmit data to thc base station, and a charge pump to generate the voItagcs required for thc CCR. The circuits are being fabricated in a 0.25pm twin-well S metal layer CMOS proccss and the CCR has been fabricated in the MCNC MUMPS 3 structural polysilicon lnycr (MEMS) process. The components are to bc mounted onto a 1.4V Zinc-Air henring aid style battery and thc entire system can fit into a 5 . 8 m x S.8” x 2.4” package. Download read more

If you enjoyed this post, make sure you subscribe to my RSS feed! Read more »

Abstract In this paper, we attempt to develop a reliable speaker verification algorithm that is suitable for use in a home security system. A phoneme-based Hidden Markov Model(HMM) has been adopted for the task of speaker verification with the linear predictive cepstral coefficients (LPCC) as feature vectors for our model. Individual codebooks, designed to enhance performance, are also generated for all speakers in the test database. A simple way of combining the individual phoneme scores for text independent verification is also proposed. An Equal Error Rate (ERR) of 10.5% has been achieved using the best phoneme model and 4.5% when using the combined scores of a 4-phoneme set. Download read more

If you enjoyed this post, make sure you subscribe to my RSS feed! Read more »

Abstract In this paper, we introduced a new design pattern of Distance Non-contact Radio Frequency Identification System, to overcome the inconveniency in most ‘jia-xiao-tong” systems, which usually require a contact or near-field scan. An efficient algorithm which is used to detect the entrance and exit was proposed to solve the problems of reflecting, refracting and data loss in the distance Non-contact RFID systems. Keywords: Distant Non-contact Radio Frequency, Integration of Multi-Modal, Entrance or Exit Download read more

If you enjoyed this post, make sure you subscribe to my RSS feed! Read more »

Abstract Whether to solve specific business problems or comply with trading partner mandates, many companies are now engaged in pilot projects using radio frequency identification (RFID). RFID dramatically increases the potential for organizations to collect data about any tagable entity, which has implications for supply chain logistics, customer relationship management, health care systems, human resource management, and privacy/intellectual property policies. However, in many cases the adoption issues and the business case are not well understood for this emerging technology. This mini-track includes three papers on the Implementation and Usage of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology in today’s organization and emphasizes the building of an on-going research tradition read more

If you enjoyed this post, make sure you subscribe to my RSS feed! Read more »

Abstract In recent years, radio frequency identification technology has moved from obscurity into mainstream applications that help speed the handling of manufactured goods and materials. RFID enables identification from a distance, and unlike earlier bar-code technology (see the sidebar), it does so without requiring a line of sight.1 RFID tags (see figure 1) support a larger set of unique IDs than bar codes and can incorporate additional data such as manufacturer, product type, and even measure environmental factors such as temperature. Furthermore, RFID systems can discern many different tags located in the same general area without human assistance. In contrast, consider a supermarket checkout counter, where you must orient each bar-coded item toward a reader before scanning it. So read more

If you enjoyed this post, make sure you subscribe to my RSS feed! Read more »

Abstract Whether we realize it or not, radio frequency identification (RFID) is an integral part of our life. RFID increases productivity and convenience. RFID is used for hundreds, if not thousands, of applications such as preventing theft of automobiles and merchandise; collecting tolls without stopping; managing traffic; gaining entrance to buildings; automating parking; controlling access of vehicles to gated communities, corporate campuses and airports; dispensing goods; providing ski lift access the objects to be managed, and operate automatically. The more complex devices (often called readers, interrogators, beacons) are more capable and are usually connected to a host computer or network. Radio frequencies from 100 kHz to 10 GHz have been used Download read more

If you enjoyed this post, make sure you subscribe to my RSS feed! Read more »